A catalog and a bibliography are both tools used to organize and locate information, but they serve different purposes and have different characteristics.
A catalog is a list of items that are organized and described in a systematic way. It is typically used to organize and locate physical items such as books, manuscripts, and other library materials. Catalogs can be classified into several types: subject catalog, author catalog, title catalog and so on. They can be in physical format, such as card catalogs, or digital format, such as online library catalogs.
On the other hand, a bibliography is a list of sources that have been used or consulted in the research or writing of a particular work. It is typically used to organize and cite sources used in academic or scholarly research, such as books, articles, and other publications. A bibliography is usually found at the end of a research paper, book, or other written work and it can be in different format such as MLA, APA, Chicago, etc. It can also be classified into different types such as primary and secondary sources.
In summary, a catalog is used to locate and organize physical items, while a bibliography is used to cite and organize sources used in research.