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The Imperial Library of India was founded in 1891 in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India. It was established by the British colonial government in India and served as the national library of the country. The library was initially located in the Metcalfe Hall, but it later moved to a new building in Esplanade East, which was completed in 1911. The library was renamed the National Library of India in 1948, after India gained independence from British rule.