computer

Directory

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A directory is a list of files and directories within a file system, usually organized in a hierarchical structure. It is a way of organizing and storing information on a computer or other device. A directory can contain files and other directories, which can contain more files and directories, and so on. The top level of the directory structure is called the root directory. Directories can also contain metadata, such as the date when the directory was created or modified, and permissions, which control who can access the files and directories within the directory. They are used to organize and structure data on a computer or other device, making it easier to find and access specific files.

Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system

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The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system is a system of library classification used to organize and arrange books and other materials in a library. It was developed by Melvil Dewey in the 1870s and is still in widespread use today.

The DDC is based on a system of ten main classes, each representing a broad subject area. These main classes are further divided into smaller divisions, and then into even smaller sections until each book or material is assigned a unique classification number. The classification numbers are arranged in a decimal format, with the first digit representing the main class, the second and third digits representing the division, and so on.

For example, the number “500” represents the natural sciences and mathematics, while the number “540” represents chemistry and “550” represents earth sciences. Within the earth sciences section, the number “550.1” represents geology, and “550.2” represents meteorology.

The DDC is used to organize and arrange books and materials in a library, and to help library patrons find the materials they are looking for. It is also used to create library catalogs and bibliographies.

Desk copy

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A desk copy is a complimentary copy of a textbook or other publication that is provided to a professor or instructor for review and consideration for adoption as a course textbook. Publishers often provide desk copies to professors and instructors who are considering using a particular book in their courses, so that they can evaluate the book’s content and decide whether it is a good fit for their course. Desk copies are typically provided to professors and instructors free of charge, although some publishers may require instructors to pay for shipping or handling fees. If an instructor decides to adopt a book for a course, they may request additional copies of the book for their students to purchase.

Database

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A database is a collection of organized data stored and accessed electronically. Databases are used to store, organize, and manage data, and are used in a wide variety of applications, such as online stores, libraries, and customer relationship management systems. Some common types of databases include relational databases, which store data in tables with rows and columns, and NoSQL databases, which use a variety of data models, such as documents, graphs, and key-value pairs. There are many database management systems (DBMS) available, ranging from open-source options like MySQL and PostgreSQL, to proprietary systems like Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server.

Classification

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Classification is the process of organizing things into groups or categories based on shared characteristics or features. Classification can be used to organize a wide range of things, including living and non-living organisms, physical objects, and abstract concepts. There are many different ways to classify things, and the specific method used will depend on the purpose of the classification and the characteristics of the things being classified.

For example, scientists use classification to organize living organisms into a hierarchy of groups based on their characteristics. This hierarchy starts with the domain, which is the largest and most inclusive group, and then proceeds through the kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This system of classification, known as the Linnaean system, is used to give every species a unique scientific name that is recognized internationally.

Classification can also be used in other fields, such as library science, where books and other materials are organized into categories based on their subject matter, and in information technology, where data is organized into categories for easier access and analysis.

CD-ROM

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A CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) is a type of compact disc that contains data that can be read but not written or erased. CD-ROMs are commonly used to distribute software, including operating systems, games, and other applications, as well as storing and displaying media such as audio, video, and text documents. CD-ROMs are read using a CD-ROM drive, which is a device that is capable of reading the data stored on the disc. CD-ROM drives can be found in computers, game consoles, and other electronic devices.

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