LIS Studies

Who is called personal author?ذاتی مصنف کسے کہتے ہیں؟

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A personal author is an individual who is responsible for the intellectual content of a resource, such as a book, article, or manuscript. Personal authors are typically the creators of original works, such as novelists, poets, and nonfiction writers, but can also include editors, translators, and other contributors who have a significant role in shaping the content of a resource. Personal authors are generally listed first in the bibliographic record for a resource, and their names are typically included in the cataloging information, along with other information such as the title and publication details of the resource.

Who is called personal author?ذاتی مصنف کسے کہتے ہیں؟ Read More »

Explain ‘other Title information’ in respect of cataloguing?کیٹلاگنگ کے سلسلے میں ‘دیگر عنوان کی معلومات’ کی وضاحت کریں؟

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In cataloging, “other title information” refers to any additional information that is included in the title of a resource, such as subtitles, parallel titles, or translations. This information can be important for identifying and differentiating similar resources, and is typically included in the bibliographic record for a resource to help users find it more easily. Other title information can also include statements of responsibility, such as the names of authors, editors, or translators, and can also include information about the format or edition of a resource.

Explain ‘other Title information’ in respect of cataloguing?کیٹلاگنگ کے سلسلے میں ‘دیگر عنوان کی معلومات’ کی وضاحت کریں؟ Read More »

What is meant by mixed responsibility in cataloguing? کیٹلاگ میں مخلوط ذمہ داری سے کیا مراد ہے؟

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Mixed responsibility in cataloguing refers to the situation where more than one entity is responsible for the creation or maintenance of a catalog record. This can occur in a variety of situations, such as when a library outsources cataloging to a vendor, or when multiple libraries collaborate to create a shared catalog. In these cases, the responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the catalog record is shared among the different entities involved.3

What is meant by mixed responsibility in cataloguing? کیٹلاگ میں مخلوط ذمہ داری سے کیا مراد ہے؟ Read More »

Define the word library science?لفظ لائبریری سائنس کی تعریف کریں؟

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Library science is a field that deals with the organization, collection, and dissemination of information, typically through the operation of libraries. It includes the study of issues related to the acquisition, cataloging, classification, storage, retrieval, and preservation of library materials, as well as the management and leadership of libraries and the development of library systems and services. Library science professionals work in a variety of settings, including public libraries, academic libraries, and special libraries, and may be involved in activities such as collection development, reference services, research assistance, and instruction in the use of library resources.

Define the word library science?لفظ لائبریری سائنس کی تعریف کریں؟ Read More »

What is meant by hierarchy in classification?درجہ بندی میں درجہ بندی سے کیا مراد ہے؟

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In classification, the term “hierarchy” refers to a system of organization in which items are arranged in a series of levels or categories, with the most general categories at the top and the most specific categories at the bottom. This creates a logical structure that allows items to be grouped and organized in a meaningful way.

For example, in the Dewey Decimal Classification system, the main categories are represented by the digits 0-9, and the subcategories are represented by decimal numbers. This creates a hierarchy of categories, with the most general categories (represented by the digits 0-9) at the top, and more specific categories (represented by the decimal numbers) at the bottom.

In general, hierarchies are used in classification systems to create a logical and organized structure for the items being classified, making it easier to locate and access specific items. Hierarchies can also be used to reflect the relationships between different items or categories, and they can be used to represent complex or nuanced relationships in a clear and concise way.

What is meant by hierarchy in classification?درجہ بندی میں درجہ بندی سے کیا مراد ہے؟ Read More »

When was LCC first time published?

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The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) system was first developed in the late 19th century by the Library of Congress in the United States. It was first published in 1898, and has been revised and expanded several times since then to keep up with changes in knowledge and technology. The LCC system is used by many libraries around the world, particularly in the United States, to organize and classify their materials in a way that makes it easy for patrons to find what they are looking for.

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What is a main class in classification system?درجہ بندی کے نظام میں ایک اہم کلاس کیا ہے؟

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In a library classification system, a main class is a broad category that is used to group together books and other materials that have similar subject matter or content. These main classes are usually organized according to a hierarchical system, with the main classes at the top and more specific subclasses below them.

For example, in the Dewey Decimal Classification system, which is a commonly used library classification system, the main classes are organized into 10 broad categories:

  1. Philosophy and psychology
  2. Religion
  3. Social sciences
  4. Language
  5. Pure science
  6. Technology
  7. Arts and recreation
  8. Literature
  9. History and geography
  10. Miscellaneous

Within each main class, there are further subclasses and categories that are used to organize the materials in more detail. For example, within the main class “Pure science,” there are subclasses for specific scientific disciplines such as mathematics, physics, and biology.

In general, the main class in a library classification system is used to group together materials that share similar content or subject matter, and it provides a framework for organizing and accessing the materials within the library.

What is a main class in classification system?درجہ بندی کے نظام میں ایک اہم کلاس کیا ہے؟ Read More »

What is the difference between knowledge classification and book/bibliographical classification?

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nowledge classification and book classification, also known as bibliographical classification, are two different approaches to organizing and categorizing information.

Knowledge classification is a method of organizing information based on the relationships and connections between different concepts or ideas. It is often used to create a framework for understanding a particular subject or field of study, and it can help to identify the key ideas and principles that are central to that field. Knowledge classification systems are typically hierarchical, with broad main categories at the top and more specific subcategories below them.

Book classification, on the other hand, is a method of organizing books and other materials based on their subject matter or content. Book classification systems are typically used in libraries to help patrons find and access materials, and they may be based on either natural or artificial criteria. For example, the Dewey Decimal Classification system is a widely used book classification system that organizes materials according to subject matter, while the Library of Congress Classification system organizes materials based on the intended use or audience of the materials.

In general, knowledge classification is focused on understanding the relationships and connections between different ideas, while book classification is focused on organizing materials in a way that makes them easy to find and access.

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What are the various types of notation?

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There are many different types of notation systems, and the specific symbols and marks used can vary depending on the field and the specific purpose of the notation. Some common types of notation include:

  1. Numerical notation: This type of notation is used to represent numbers and quantities, and it is used in fields such as mathematics, science, and engineering. There are many different numerical notation systems, including the decimal system, the binary system, and the hexadecimal system.
  2. Music notation: This type of notation is used to represent pitches, rhythms, and other elements of music, and it is typically based on a set of symbols and marks that are specific to music notation. Music notation is used in a variety of music-related fields, including performance, composition, and music education.
  3. Chemical notation: This type of notation is used to represent chemical elements and compounds, and it is used in fields such as chemistry and materials science. Chemical notation is typically based on a set of standardized symbols and rules, and it is used to represent the properties and characteristics of different chemical substances.
  4. Logic notation: This type of notation is used to represent logical statements and arguments, and it is used in fields such as mathematics, computer science, and philosophy. Logic notation is typically based on a set of standardized symbols and rules, and it is used to represent the logical relationships between different statements or arguments.

 

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What is meant by cutter number?کٹر نمبر سے کیا مراد ہے؟

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A cutter number is a unique identifier that is used to classify and organize books and other materials in a library. It is named after Charles Ammi Cutter, an American librarian who is credited with developing the concept of the cutter number.

Cutter numbers are typically used in conjunction with the Library of Congress Classification system, which is a system of organizing library materials based on their subject matter. The cutter number is a series of letters and numbers that is assigned to a book or other material based on its subject and the specific classification assigned to that subject. The cutter number is used to locate the material on the library shelves and to distinguish it from other materials with similar subject matter or classification.

Cutter numbers are an important tool for organizing and accessing library materials, and they are used in libraries around the world to help patrons find and borrow the materials they need.

What is meant by cutter number?کٹر نمبر سے کیا مراد ہے؟ Read More »