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Explain discontinued number?منقطع نمبر کی وضاحت کریں؟

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A discontinued number is a classification number that is no longer used or recognized in a particular classification system. Discontinued numbers are typically used in library classification systems to represent subjects or topics that are no longer considered relevant or up-to-date, or that have been subsumed by other subjects or topics.

For example, in the Dewey Decimal Classification system, discontinued numbers are used to represent subjects that have been removed from the classification system or that have been replaced by new subjects. When a subject is discontinued, the classification numbers associated with that subject are no longer used or recognized, and materials that were previously classified using those numbers are reclassified using different numbers.

Discontinued numbers are an important tool for keeping classification systems current and relevant, and they help to ensure that materials are accurately and consistently classified in a way that reflects their subject matter and the current state of knowledge in a particular field.

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Describes the function of notation?

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Notation is a system of symbols or marks that is used to represent numbers, quantities, or other values, and it serves a variety of functions depending on the context in which it is used. Some common functions of notation include:

  1. Communication: Notation is often used to communicate information in a concise and systematic way. By using a set of standardized symbols and rules, notation allows people to represent and convey complex ideas and concepts in a clear and efficient way.
  2. Record-keeping: Notation is also used to record and track information, such as measurements, calculations, or observations. By using a standardized notation system, it is possible to accurately and consistently record and document information in a way that is easy to understand and interpret.
  3. Analysis: Notation is often used to analyze and interpret information, such as data or patterns. By using notation to represent and organize information, it is possible to more easily identify trends, relationships, or patterns that might not be immediately apparent.
  4. Problem-solving: Notation is also used to represent and solve problems, particularly in fields such as mathematics and computer science. By using notation to represent the elements of a problem and the steps needed to solve it, it is possible to more easily understand and solve complex problems.

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What is call number?کال نمبر کیا ہے؟

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A call number is a unique identifier that is assigned to a book or other library material in order to identify its location within the library. Call numbers are used in libraries to organize and shelve materials according to a specific classification scheme, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification system or the Library of Congress Classification system.

In general, call numbers consist of a combination of letters and numbers that represent the subject or category of the material and the specific classification assigned to that material. For example, in the Dewey Decimal Classification system, the main categories are represented by the digits 0-9, and the subcategories are represented by decimal numbers. Books and other materials are assigned call numbers based on their classification, and the call numbers are used to locate the materials on the shelves.

Call numbers are an important tool for organizing and accessing library materials, and they are used in libraries around the world to help patrons find and borrow the materials they need.

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What are memory aids in DDC?

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In the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system, memory aids are tools that are used to help users remember and understand the decimal numbering system and the meaning and content of each class, category, and subcategory. There are several types of memory aids that are used in the DDC system, including:

  • Captions: Captions are short phrases or descriptions that are used to summarize the content and meaning of each class, category, and subcategory in the DDC system. They are typically located above or below the decimal number that represents the class, category, or subcategory, and they provide a brief overview of the topic or theme that is covered within that class, category, or subcategory.
  • Notation schedules: Notation schedules are lists of terms or phrases that are used to represent specific topics or themes within the DDC system. They are organized by decimal number, and they provide detailed information about the content and meaning of each class, category, and subcategory.
  • Relative indices: Relative indices are lists of terms or phrases that are related to specific topics or themes within the DDC system, along with the corresponding decimal numbers that represent those topics or themes. They are typically organized alphabetically, and they are used to help users locate specific topics or themes within the classification system.

Overall, memory aids are an important part of the DDC system, as they provide users with the information they need to understand and use the classification system effectively.

 

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Explain broad classification?وسیع درجہ بندی کی وضاحت کریں؟

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Broad classification is a type of classification system in which items are organized into a relatively small number of broad or general categories. This approach is often used when the items being classified are very diverse or when it is difficult to identify specific characteristics or attributes that can be used to distinguish between different categories.

In a broad classification system, the categories are typically defined by a set of broad or general characteristics, and the items are assigned to the categories based on which characteristics they possess. For example, in a broad classification of animals, the categories might include mammals, birds, reptiles, and fish, and the animals would be assigned to the categories based on their specific characteristics, such as their method of reproduction or their mode of locomotion.

One of the main advantages of broad classification is that it is relatively simple and straightforward to implement. Because the categories are broad and general, it is easy to apply the classification system to a wide range of items and to consistently classify them in a consistent way.

However, one of the main limitations of broad classification is that it may not provide a high level of detail or precision. Because the categories are broad, it may be difficult to differentiate between items within a particular category, or to locate specific items within the classification system.

Overall, broad classification is a useful tool for organizing and categorizing items in a logical and consistent way, but it may not be the most suitable approach in situations where a high level of detail or precision is required.

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Explain faceted/analytico-synthetic classification?پہلوی/تجزیاتی-مصنوعی درجہ بندی کی وضاحت کریں؟

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Faceted classification, also known as analytico-synthetic classification, is a type of classification system in which items are organized into categories based on a set of predetermined facets or characteristics. In a faceted classification system, each item is analyzed and evaluated based on a specific set of attributes or features, and it is assigned to the category or categories that best fit those attributes.

One of the main advantages of faceted classification is that it allows for a high level of detail and precision. Because the classification is based on multiple facets or characteristics, it is possible to assign items to very specific categories, making it easier to locate and access specific items.

Faceted classification is often used in library science and information science to organize and classify documents and other materials. It is particularly useful for organizing materials on complex or interdisciplinary subjects, where a single classification scheme may not be sufficient to capture the full range of information.

However, one of the main limitations of faceted classification is that it can be complex and may require a lot of effort to create and maintain. It can also be difficult to change or modify a faceted classification system once it is established.

Overall, faceted classification is a useful tool for organizing and categorizing items in a logical and structured way, but it may not be the most suitable approach in situations where the items being classified are very diverse or where the classification system needs to be highly flexible.

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Explain enumerative classification?شماریاتی درجہ بندی کی وضاحت کریں؟

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Enumerative classification is a type of classification system in which items are placed into categories based on a set of predetermined characteristics or criteria. In an enumerative classification system, each item is analyzed and evaluated based on a specific set of attributes or features, and it is assigned to the category or categories that best fit those attributes.

One of the main advantages of enumerative classification is that it is relatively simple and straightforward to implement. Because the categories and criteria are predetermined, it is easy to apply the classification system to a wide range of items and to consistently classify them in a consistent way.

However, one of the main limitations of enumerative classification is that it can be inflexible and may not adequately reflect the complexity or diversity of the items being classified. It can also be difficult to update or modify an enumerative classification system when new items or categories are introduced.

Overall, enumerative classification is a useful tool for organizing and categorizing items in a logical and consistent way, but it may not be the most suitable approach in situations where the items being classified are very diverse or where the classification system needs to be highly flexible.

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What kind of notation does BBC use?

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Bliss Bibliographic Classification (BBC) uses a combination of letters and numbers as its notation system. The 21 main classes are represented by a single letter, with the exception of class 10 (Generalities), which is represented by the letter “X”. Each main class is then divided into subclasses using decimal numbers. For example, the subclass 5.1 (Mathematics) would be located in class 5 (Pure Science) and would represent the area of mathematics within the field of pure science.

In addition to the letters and numbers, BBC also uses a system of relative index terms to further specify the subject of a particular work. These index terms are represented by a combination of letters and numbers and are used to provide additional detail about the content of a work.

For example, a work classified using BBC notation might be represented as “QX 5.1 B3”, which would indicate that the work is classified in class 10 (Generalities), subclass 5.1 (Mathematics), and is further specified by the index term “B3” (which represents a specific topic within the field of mathematics).

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What does the acronym BBC stand for?بی بی سی کا مخفف کیا ہے؟

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In the context of a library, the acronym BBC may stand for “Bibliographic Classification.” Bibliographic classification is a system for organizing and classifying library materials based on their subject matter or content. The purpose of bibliographic classification is to make it easier for patrons to find materials on specific subjects in a library. There are many different bibliographic classification systems in use around the world, including the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) system, the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system, and the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) system. Bibliographic classification systems generally use a combination of letters and numbers to represent different subjects and subtopics, and may also include indexes and other tools to help patrons locate materials on specific subjects. Bibliographic classification systems are used in libraries of all sizes, from small public libraries to large research libraries.

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What is the notation of Colon Classification System?

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In the Colon Classification system, the notation consists of a series of numbers and colons used to represent the various categories and subcategories into which library materials are organized. Each number in the notation represents a different category or subclass, and the colons are used to indicate the hierarchical relationships between the categories.

For example, a book about the history of agriculture might be classified using the notation “6:1:5:1:2,” which would indicate that it is a book about the history of agriculture, which is a subclass of “Agriculture,” which is a subclass of “Technology (applied sciences),” which is one of the ten main classes in the Colon Classification system.

The use of numbers and colons allows for a compact and efficient notation system that can be used to represent the complex hierarchical relationships between the various categories in the Colon Classification system. This notation system is used in libraries around the world to help organize and classify library materials in a consistent and logical way.

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