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Publication dateتاریخ اشاعت

The publication date of a journal or magazine is the date on which it is made available to the public. This can be the date that the print edition is made available for purchase, or the date that the digital edition is made available online. The publication date is typically listed on the cover of the magazine or journal, and it is used to identify the issue and distinguish it from previous and future issues. Some publications are released on a regular schedule, such as weekly, monthly, or quarterly, while others may be published less frequently, such as annually or biannually. The publication date is often used to identify the relevance and currency of the content contained within the publication.

There are several different types of publication dates that can be used to identify the release of a journal or magazine. Some of the most common types of publication dates include:

Print publication date: This is the date on which the print edition of a magazine or journal is made available for purchase. This is typically the primary publication date for print publications, and it is often listed on the cover of the magazine or journal.
Digital publication date: This is the date on which the digital edition of a magazine or journal is made available online. Digital publications may be released on the same date as the print edition, or they may be released earlier or later depending on the publication schedule.
Embargo date: This is the date on which content from a magazine or journal is made available to the public, but it is not yet allowed to be published or disseminated by other sources. Embargo dates are often used to allow time for journalists and other media outlets to review and report on the content before it is widely available.
On-sale date: This is the date on which a magazine or journal is made available for purchase in stores or online. This date may be different from the print or digital publication date, and it is often used to coordinate the release of the publication with the distribution and marketing efforts of the publisher.

Frequency of Periodicals / Serials دورانیہ

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The frequency of a periodical refers to how often it is published. Some common frequencies for periodicals include:

Daily: Periodicals that are published daily are issued every day, typically seven days a week. Examples of daily periodicals include newspapers and some news magazines.
Weekly: Periodicals that are published weekly are issued once a week, typically on the same day each week. Examples of weekly periodicals include some magazines and some newspapers.
Biweekly: Periodicals that are published biweekly are issued every other week or twice a month.
Monthly: Periodicals that are published monthly are issued once a month.
Bimonthly: Periodicals that are published bimonthly are issued every other month or twice a year.
Quarterly: Periodicals that are published quarterly are issued four times a year, typically in January, April, July, and October.
Semi-annual: Periodicals that are published semi-annually are issued twice a year, typically in January and July.
Annual: Periodicals that are published annually are issued once a year.

Here are a few more frequencies for periodicals:

Fortnightly: Periodicals that are published fortnightly are issued every two weeks, or twice a month.
Triweekly: Periodicals that are published triweekly are issued every three weeks, or three times a month.
Semiweekly: Periodicals that are published semiweekly are issued every two weeks or twice a month.
Thrice-weekly: Periodicals that are published thrice-weekly are issued every three days, or three times a week.
Four times a week: Periodicals that are published four times a week are issued four days a week.
Every other day: Periodicals that are published every other day are issued every other day, or twice a week.
Every three days: Periodicals that are published every three days are issued every three days, or three times a week.

In addition to the types of periodicals that I mentioned earlier (magazines, journals, newspapers, trade publications, and e-periodicals), here are a few more types of serials:

Bulletins: Bulletins are short, often informational, publications that are issued at regular intervals, such as monthly or quarterly. They may be produced by organizations, businesses, or government agencies and may contain news, announcements, reports, and other types of information.
Newsletters: Newsletters are periodic publications that are often produced by organizations, businesses, or clubs and are intended for a specific audience, such as members or employees. They may contain news, updates, and other types of information relevant to the organization or its members.
Proceedings: Proceedings are the official record of a conference or other event, and typically include papers or presentations given at the event. They may be published as a book or as a serial, such as a journal or a bulletin.
Yearbooks: Yearbooks are annual publications that contain information about a particular organization, business, or school. They may include photos, lists of members or employees, and other types of information.
Almanacs: Almanacs are annual publications that contain a wide range of information, such as calendars, weather forecasts, statistics, and other types of data. They are often produced in a compact size and may be used as a reference guide.

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