Annotation refers to the process of adding information or notes to a text, image, or other data. This information can include comments, explanations, translations, or other relevant details that help to understand or interpret the original content. Annotation can be used in a variety of fields, including linguistics, computer science, and biology. In the context of machine learning and natural language processing, annotation is the process of marking up data to be used in training models.
Types
There are several types of annotation, depending on the field and context. Some common types include:
Text annotation: Adding information or notes to a written document, such as comments, translations, or summaries.
Image annotation: Adding information or labels to an image, such as identifying objects, people, or landmarks.
Video annotation: Adding information or labels to a video, such as identifying objects, people, or actions.
Audio annotation: Adding information or labels to an audio file, such as transcribing speech or identifying specific sounds.
Linguistic annotation: Adding information or labels to text to analyze linguistic features, such as part-of-speech tagging or syntactic parsing.
Semantic annotation: Adding information or labels to text to analyze meaning, such as named-entity recognition or coreference resolution.
Sentiment annotation: Adding information or labels to text to analyze sentiment or emotion, such as positive, negative or neutral.
These are just a few examples, and there are many other types of annotation depending on the specific context or field.
Importance:
Annotation is important for several reasons, particularly in the field of machine learning and natural language processing. Some key reasons include:
Training and testing data: Annotation is used to create labeled data sets that can be used to train machine learning models. Without annotation, it would be difficult to train models to perform tasks such as language translation or image recognition.
Improving model performance: Annotated data sets can be used to test and evaluate machine learning models, allowing developers to fine-tune the model and improve its performance.
Human-in-the-loop: Annotation can be used to involve human experts in the machine learning process, allowing them to provide feedback and correct errors that may be made by the model.
Understanding and interpreting data: Annotation can be used to add context and meaning to data, making it easier to understand and interpret.
Interoperability: Annotation can be used to standardize data across different systems, allowing it to be shared and reused more easily.
Domain-specific tasks: Annotation is a crucial step in the development of machine learning models for specific domains such as medical, legal and finance, where the data needs to be labeled in a specific way.
Overall, annotation is a critical component in the development and use of machine learning models, and it plays a key role in improving the accuracy and performance of these models.
here are a few examples of annotation in different fields:
Image annotation: Annotating an image of a street scene to identify and label the different objects in the image, such as cars, buildings, and pedestrians.
Video annotation: Annotating a video of a soccer game to identify and label different events, such as goals, fouls, and offsides.
Audio annotation: Annotating an audio recording of a speech to transcribe the speech and identify speakers.
Linguistic annotation: Annotating a text to identify and label different parts of speech, such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives.
Semantic annotation: Annotating a text to identify and label named entities, such as people, organizations, and locations.
Sentiment annotation: Annotating a text to identify and label the sentiment or emotion expressed in the text, such as positive, negative or neutral.
Medical annotation: Annotating a medical image to identify and label different structures and organs, such as tumors, blood vessels and bones.
Legal annotation: Annotating legal documents to identify and label specific legal terms and concepts, such as contracts, statutes, and case law.
These are just a few examples, and there are many other types of annotation depending on the specific context or field.
Annotation has a long history, with roots in fields such as linguistics, literature, and art. Some key milestones in the history of annotation include:
Ancient times: Annotation has been used for centuries to add notes and commentary to written texts. Examples can be found in ancient texts such as the Talmud, which includes extensive commentary on the Hebrew Bible.
Renaissance: The Renaissance saw the development of the marginalia, which is the practice of adding notes and commentary in the margins of books. This was a common practice among scholars and intellectuals during this time.
19th century: The field of linguistics began to use annotation to analyze language, with scholars such as Franz Bopp and August Schleicher developing methods for annotating linguistic features such as phonetics and grammar.
20th century: With the advent of computer technology, annotation began to be used in fields such as computer science and artificial intelligence. Researchers began to use annotation to train computer programs to understand and process natural language.
21st century: With the rise of machine learning and artificial intelligence, annotation has become increasingly important. Annotated data sets are used to train machine learning models, and annotation is also used to improve the performance of these models. Additionally, annotation has become a key aspect of human-in-the-loop systems, where humans are involved in the machine learning process to provide feedback and correct errors.
Overall, annotation has a long history that spans many different fields, and it continues to play an important role in many areas of research and application today.
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in many different ways to improve the services offered by libraries and make the library experience more efficient and convenient for patrons. Some examples of AI applications in libraries include recommendation systems, which use algorithms to suggest similar or related materials based on a patron’s borrowing history and interests; search optimization, which helps improve the accuracy and relevancy of search results by analyzing the content of library resources and patron queries; digital assistants, which provide information about library resources and services to patrons through a library’s website or mobile app; chatbots, which interact with patrons and provide assistance with tasks such as renewing books and finding resources; and collection management, which helps libraries analyze and maintain their collections by identifying high-demand resources and analyzing the content of library materials. Overall, the use of AI in libraries can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of library services, making it easier for patrons to access the resources they need.
Keywords: Academic libraries, Pakistan, Public Libraries, Special Library, National libraries, Workers, all Types of Libraries in Pakistan
Background of AI in Libraries:
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used in libraries for several decades, with the first AI applications being developed in the 1980s. Early AI applications in libraries focused on automating tasks such as cataloging and classification, as well as improving the accuracy and relevancy of search results.
As AI technology has developed over the years, libraries have been able to use more advanced AI applications to improve their services. For example, libraries can now use recommendation systems to suggest similar or related materials to patrons based on their borrowing history and interests, and chatbots to provide assistance with tasks such as renewing books and finding resources.
In recent years, the use of AI in libraries has become more widespread, with many libraries adopting AI-powered digital assistants and chatbots to provide information and assistance to patrons. Some libraries have also started using AI to analyze and understand the content of library resources, which can help improve the organization and categorization of library materials.
Overall, the use of AI in libraries has evolved significantly over the years and continues to be an important tool for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of library services.
Artificial Intelligence use in Libraries:
There are many ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in libraries to improve the services they offer and make the library experience more efficient and convenient for patrons. Some examples of AI applications in libraries include:
Recommendation systems: AI can be used to recommend books, articles, and other resources to patrons based on their past borrowing history and interests. Recommendation systems are a type of artificial intelligence (AI) application that can be used in libraries to recommend books, articles, and other resources to patrons based on their past borrowing history and interests. These systems use algorithms to analyze the resources that a patron has borrowed in the past and use this information to suggest similar or related materials that the patron may be interested in.
For example, if a patron has borrowed several books on a particular topic, the recommendation system might suggest other books on that topic or related topics. The recommendations can be personalized to each patron, so the suggestions made to one patron may be different from those made to another patron based on their unique borrowing history and interests.
Recommendation systems can be accessed through a library’s website or through a mobile app, and they can be a convenient way for patrons to discover new resources that they may not have found on their own. They can also help librarians to promote and highlight underutilized resources in the collection.
Search optimization: AI can help improve the accuracy and relevancy of search results by analyzing and understanding the content of library resources and the queries patrons enter. Search optimization is the process of improving the accuracy and relevancy of search results for a particular query. In the context of libraries, search optimization can be used to help patrons more easily find the resources they are looking for within a library’s collection.
Search optimization is the process of improving the accuracy and relevancy of search results for a particular query. In the context of libraries, search optimization can be used to help patrons more easily find the resources they are looking for within a library’s collection. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to help improve search optimization in libraries by analyzing and understanding the content of library resources and the queries that patrons enter. For example, an AI system might be able to recognize synonyms or related terms for a particular search query and use this information to return more relevant results.
AI can also be used to analyze the content of library resources and understand the main topics or themes covered in each resource. This information can be used to improve the accuracy and relevancy of search results by matching the content of resources with the search queries that patrons enter.
Overall, the use of AI in search optimization can help patrons more easily find the resources they need, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of library services.
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to help improve search optimization in libraries by analyzing and understanding the content of library resources and the queries that patrons enter. For example, an AI system might be able to recognize synonyms or related terms for a particular search query and use this information to return more relevant results.
AI can also be used to analyze the content of library resources and understand the main topics or themes covered in each resource. This information can be used to improve the accuracy and relevancy of search results by matching the content of resources with the search queries that patrons enter.
Overall, the use of AI in search optimization can help patrons more easily find the resources they need, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of library services.
Digital assistants: Libraries can use AI-powered digital assistants to answer patron questions and provide information about library resources and services. Digital assistants are computer programs that are designed to assist users with tasks and provide information on demand. In the context of libraries, digital assistants can be used to provide information about library resources and services to patrons.
These assistants can be accessed through a library’s website or through a mobile app, and they use artificial intelligence (AI) to understand and respond to patron queries. For example, a patron might ask a digital assistant about the availability of a particular book, and the assistant would be able to provide information on the availability of that book at the library and any other relevant details.
Digital assistants can also be used to answer general questions about the library and its services, such as operating hours, location, and policies. They can provide a convenient way for patrons to access information and assistance without needing to speak to a librarian directly.
Overall, the use of digital assistants in libraries can help improve the efficiency and convenience of library services by making it easier for patrons to access the information they need.
Chatbots: Libraries can use chatbots to interact with patrons and provide assistance with tasks such as renewing books, placing holds, and finding resources. Chatbots are computer programs that are designed to simulate conversation with human users, often through messaging applications, mobile apps, or websites. In the context of libraries, chatbots can be used to interact with patrons and provide assistance with tasks such as renewing books, placing holds, and finding resources.
Chatbots use artificial intelligence (AI) to understand and respond to patron queries and requests. For example, a patron might ask a chatbot about the availability of a particular book, and the chatbot would be able to provide information on the availability of that book at the library and any other relevant details.
Chatbots can also be used to answer general questions about the library and its services, such as operating hours, location, and policies. They can provide a convenient way for patrons to access information and assistance without needing to speak to a librarian directly.
Collection management: AI can be used to analyze library collections and identify resources that are in high demand, helping librarians to make informed decisions about purchasing and stocking new materials. Collection management is the process of organizing and maintaining a library’s collection of resources, including books, articles, and other materials. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to help with collection management by analyzing library collections and identifying resources that are in high demand.
For example, an AI system might analyze the borrowing history of a library’s collection and identify resources that are frequently borrowed or requested. This information can be used to inform purchasing and stocking decisions, allowing librarians to prioritize the acquisition of high-demand materials.
AI can also be used to analyze the content of library resources and understand the main topics or themes covered in each resource. This information can be used to improve the organization and categorization of library materials, making it easier for patrons to find the resources they need.
Overall, the use of AI in collection management can help libraries make more informed decisions about their collections and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their services.
literature review
There has been a significant amount of research and literature on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in libraries. Some key findings and trends from this literature include:
Improved efficiency and effectiveness: Many studies have found that the use of AI in libraries can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of library services, by automating tasks, improving the accuracy and relevancy of search results, and providing more personalized recommendations to patrons.
Enhanced patron experience: Several studies have found that the use of AI in libraries can improve the patron experience by making it easier for patrons to access information and resources and providing more convenient and efficient services.
Increased access: The use of AI in libraries can help increase access to library resources and services, particularly for patrons who are unable to visit the library in person. For example, AI-powered chatbots and digital assistants can provide assistance to patrons remotely.
Challenges and limitations: While the use of AI in libraries can bring many benefits, there are also some challenges and limitations to consider. These include the need for sufficient data to support AI applications, the cost of implementing and maintaining AI systems, and the need to develop policies and procedures to govern the use of AI in library services.
The literature suggests that the use of AI in libraries has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of library services and enhance the patron experience, but there are also important challenges and limitations to consider.
Why we use AI in Libraries ?
There are several reasons why libraries may choose to use artificial intelligence (AI) in their services. Some of the main benefits of using AI in libraries include: Some of the main benefits of using AI in libraries include:
Improved efficiency: AI can help automate tasks and processes in libraries, allowing librarians to focus on more high-level tasks and providing patrons with more efficient service. For example, AI can be used to answer patron questions, renew books, and place holds, freeing up librarians to spend more time on tasks such as collection management and programming.
Enhanced patron experience: AI can help improve the patron experience by making it easier for patrons to access information and resources. For example, recommendation systems and chatbots can help patrons discover new materials and provide assistance with tasks such as finding resources and placing holds.
Improved accuracy: AI can help improve the accuracy of search results and recommendations by analyzing and understanding the content of library resources and patron queries. This can help patrons more easily find the resources they need and discover new materials that they may be interested in.
Increased access: Libraries can use AI to provide services to patrons remotely, such as through chatbots or digital assistants. This can make it easier for patrons to access information and assistance, even if they are unable to visit the library in person.
Enhanced patron experience: AI can help improve the patron experience by making it easier for patrons to access information and resources. For example, recommendation systems and chatbots can help patrons discover new materials and provide assistance with tasks such as finding resources and placing holds.
The use of AI in libraries can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of library services, making it easier for patrons to access the resources they need. The use of AI in libraries can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of library services, making it easier for patrons to access the resources they need.
Future of AI in Libraries:
It is likely that artificial intelligence (AI) will continue to play an important role in the future of libraries. As AI technology continues to advance, libraries may be able to use more advanced AI applications to improve their services and make the library experience more convenient and efficient for patrons.
Some potential future developments for AI in libraries might include:
Improved recommendation systems: AI-powered recommendation systems could become more sophisticated, using more data sources and advanced algorithms to provide more accurate and personalized recommendations to patrons.
Enhanced digital assistants: Digital assistants could become more intelligent and capable of answering a wider range of patron queries and providing more detailed information about library resources and services.
Virtual librarians: Libraries could use AI to provide virtual librarian services, such as answering patron questions and providing assistance with tasks such as finding resources and placing holds.
Personalized learning: Libraries could use AI to provide personalized learning experiences to patrons, based on their interests and needs. This could include customized reading lists, learning plans, and other resources.
Overall, the use of AI in libraries is likely to continue to evolve and grow in the future, and it will be an important tool for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of library services.
Requirements for AI in Libraries:
There are several requirements that libraries should consider when implementing artificial intelligence (AI) in their services. Some of the key considerations include:
Data: AI systems often require large amounts of data to be effective, so it is important for libraries to ensure that they have access to sufficient data sources to support their AI applications. This could include data on patron borrowing history, resource usage, and search queries, as well as data on the content of library resources.
Infrastructure: Libraries will need to have the necessary infrastructure in place to support AI applications, such as servers, storage, and networking equipment. They may also need to invest in specialized hardware and software to support AI applications.
Expertise: Libraries will need to have access to experts with the necessary skills and knowledge to implement and maintain AI applications. This could include data scientists, software developers, and AI specialists.
Budget: Implementing AI in libraries can be expensive, so it is important for libraries to have a budget in place to support the development and maintenance of AI applications.
Policies and procedures: Libraries will need to develop policies and procedures to govern the use of AI in their services, including guidelines for data privacy and security, as well as ethical considerations.
Recommendation:
Here are a few additional points to consider when thinking about the need for artificial intelligence (AI) in libraries:
Improved collection management: AI can be used to help libraries analyze and maintain their collections by identifying high-demand resources and analyzing the content of library materials. This can help libraries make more informed decisions about their collections and improve the organization and categorization of library materials.
Enhanced programming and outreach: Libraries can use AI to analyze patron data and understand the needs and interests of their communities. This can help libraries design more effective programming and outreach efforts, and target their resources more effectively.
Improved data analysis: AI can help libraries analyze large amounts of data more efficiently, allowing them to gain insights into patron behavior and usage patterns. This can inform decision-making and help libraries better understand their patrons’ needs and preferences.
Enhanced security: AI can be used to help libraries protect their resources and patrons by detecting and preventing security threats, such as unauthorized access to library systems or materials.
The use of AI in libraries can bring many benefits in terms of improving the efficiency, effectiveness, and security of library services.
Pakistani Libraries and AI
It is likely that AI will play a significant role in Pakistani libraries in the future. Some ways AI may be used in libraries include:
Automation of routine tasks such as cataloging, data entry, and circulation management
Personalization of recommendations for books and other resources
Text and image recognition for digitization of library collections
Use of natural language processing for improved search functionality
Development of virtual reality and augmented reality technologies for enhanced learning experiences
Use of chatbots to provide 24/7 customer service
However, it is important to note that the implementation of AI in Pakistani libraries will also depend on factors such as funding, infrastructure, and government support.
The current status of AI in Pakistani libraries is not satisfactory, but it is likely that AI is not widely used in Pakistani libraries yet. However, with the increasing adoption of technology and the growth of digital resources, it is possible that more libraries in Pakistan may begin to explore the use of AI in the future.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly improve the services offered by libraries and make the library experience more efficient and convenient for patrons. AI can be used in many different ways in libraries, including recommendation systems, search optimization, digital assistants, chatbots, and collection management.
The use of AI in libraries has already evolved significantly over the years and is likely to continue to grow in the future. Libraries that are interested in implementing AI in their services should consider the requirements and resources necessary to support AI applications, including data, infrastructure, expertise, budget, and policies and procedures.
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The mission of Voice of Libraries (VOL) is to empower students, professionals, and those in the Library and Information Science (LIS) community by fostering growth and innovation. VOL is committed to leading the LIS sector through professional development, promoting research, and enhancing the role of libraries as pillars of knowledge. We provide platforms for exchanging best practices, values, and information that elevate libraries and librarians to new heights. By transforming librarians into “teachers of teachers,” we strive to advance library systems in line with international standards, ensuring their vital role in education and society.
It involves the application of knowledge and skills from various fields such as information science, computer science, sociology, and management to the organization and management of library collections, services, and facilities. Studies in library science typically cover topics such as cataloging, classification, reference services, information literacy, and library management.
management, and use of libraries and library resources. They can cover a wide range of topics, including cataloging, classification, reference services, information literacy, library management, and the history of libraries. Some library science books may focus on specific areas of library science, such as children’s literature, academic libraries, or digital libraries. They can be written for librarians, library students, or anyone interested in the field of library science.
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of its resources and facilities. These rules are put in place to ensure that the library’s resources are used in a responsible and efficient manner, and that the library is able to provide a safe and comfortable environment for all patrons. Examples of library service rules may include regulations on the use of library materials, such as rules on borrowing and returning items, or rules on the use of library facilities, such as rules on noise levels or food and drink. Library service rules may also include guidelines for computer use, internet access, and other services offered by the library. These rules are generally posted and made available for the patrons to read and abide by.
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AACR2: Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition
LIS: Library and Information Science
MARC: Machine-Readable Cataloging
OCLC: Online Computer Library Center
RDA: Resource Description and Access
LCSH: Library of Congress Subject Headings
DDC: Dewey Decimal Classification
These abbreviations may be used in library catalogs, bibliographies, research papers, and other library science documents. It is important to note that different libraries and organizations may use different abbreviations, and that it’s important to check the full meaning of an abbreviation before using it.
nce. It serves as a reference tool for library professionals, library science students, and researchers in the field of library science. These glossaries can include terms related to various aspects of library science, such as cataloging, classification, reference services, information literacy, and library management. They can also include terms related to specific areas of library science, such as children’s literature, academic libraries, or digital libraries. The glossary can also include technical terms, acronyms and specialized expressions that are used in the library science field, so that people can have a better understanding of the field and communicate more effectively with others in the field.
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کھڈیاں کہاں کھو گئیں
زمانے میں مدفن ہیں کتنے زمانے، زمانہ نگل گیا دست کی پوروں کے فن، رگ و ریشے میں خمیر زدہ ہنر، کوکون ریشم میں لپٹ کر دائمی حیات کے خواب بنتا ہے مگر وہی ریشم اسے موت کا پژمژدہ سناتا ہے، کوکون کو کیا خبر وہ ریشم کے پالا گیا ہے نا کہ پروانہ بن کر مٹنے کے لیے، کس کو خبر تھی کہ جولاہوں کا فن و ہنر انکا کاتنا انکا بننا انکا رنگنا سب پاورلومز کی بھٹی میں جل کر خاکستر ہو جاے گا۔مٹی کے کھلونے تراشنے والے کمہار، لنگی،پشمینہ، سلارا،کھیس،پٹو،گلوبند، بوٹھلا، لاچا، اونی چادر بننے والے جولاہے، لکٹری کی چارپائیاں، موڑھے بنانے والے ترکھان،مستری، لوہار معاشرے کو زینت بخشنے والے کسمپرسی کی بھینٹ چڑھ گئے اور ان سے کم نرخ میں خرید کر آرٹ اور فیشن کے نام پر بیچنے والے تاجر بن گئے۔پاور لومز، اور نت نئی جدت کے داو پیچ پر مکٹری کے جالے بن کر، ایکسپورٹ، کے نام پر جولاہوں کا نسل در نسل کھڈیوں والا ہنر مرنے لگا ہے، ایک طرف صدیوں پرانا ہنر ہے جو وراثتوں میں منتقل ہوتا رہا ایک ہاتھ سے دوسرت تک فخر سے پہنچتا رہااب آخری ہچکیاں لے رہا ہے۔
ہماری تاریخ اتنی ہی قدیم ہے جتنا نوح انسان، موہنجو داڑو، ہٹرپہ، حسن ابدال کے کھنڈرات، ٹھٹھہ، اجودھن،تاریخ طاہری کے مصنف کے بقول صرف ٹھٹھہ میں چار ہزار سے زائد خاندان کپڑے بننے والے کوریوں کے تھے،وادی سندھ میں قدیم عہد سے آج تک ایسی اشیاء تیار ہوتی رہی جو اہمیت کی حامل ہیں، سندھ کی ثقافت کی ایک قدیم دست کاری سوسی کا کپڑا تھا جو کپاس اور ریشم کے دھاگے سے بنتا تھا اسکی تیا ری میں چرخے اور کات کا استعمال ہوااور اس چرخے لو صوفی شعراء نے اپنے کلام میں بھی استعمال کیا، تاریک کی کتب عیا ں کرتی ہیں کہ سندھ پاکستان میں سب سے پہلے کپڑا تیار ہوا پانچ ہزار سال قبل موہنجو داڑا کی تہذہب نے کپاس کی کاشت کی اور اس سے دھاگے بناے، یہ بات پایہ ثبوت ہے جس وقت بشر کھالوں سے ستر پوشی کرتا تھا پاکستان سندھ میں کپاس کے اجلے اجلے سفید پھول کہکشاوں کی مانند کھلا کرتے تھے، جب دنیا درختوں کی چھال اور پتے پرو کر کمر سے باندھا کرتے تھے موہنجوداڑو میں ہر آنگن سے چرخوں اور تکلوں کے گھومنے کی آوازیں آتی تھیں مصر میں جب کوئی فرعون مرتا تو اسکو کفن بھی ململ کے کپڑے کا دیا جاتا تھا۔میسو پوٹیمیا کے باسیوں نے جو خود کو قدیم تہذیب کے آباء مانے جاتے ہیں انہوں نے بھی پاکستان سندھ سے کپاس کے بیج دینے کی درخواست کی اور پہلی بار میسو پٹیمیائی باشندوں نے کھردری کھال کی بجائے کپاس کے نرم و گداز پیراہن کو زیب تن کیا۔اسی طرح جب سکندر اعظم اور یونانی پاکستان سندھ میں آے تو کپاس کو دیکھ کر ششدر رہ گئے،اور یہ ایک قابل ذکر بات ہے کہ لفظ کاٹن، کپاس اور کاتنے سے ماخوذ ہے جو قدیم پاکستان سندھ کی ایجاد ہے۔قائداعظم کے والد جناح پونجا بھی کھڈی کے کپڑے کا کاروبار کرتے تھے۔
کھڈیاں ایک دیسی صنعت تھی اور اس دیسی ساخت صنعت نے اپنے عروج کی کئی بہاریں دیکھیں ہیں سستے زمانے کے لوگ دیسی او ر خالص طیبعت کے مالک ہوا کرتے تھے ان کے شوق بھی سندھی چادر کو گلے کا ہار بنا کے رکھنا ہوتا تھا، کھڈیوں سے بنا گلوبند مفلر بھی ان کا زیور تھا پنجابی فلموں میں لاچے، پٹو پہن کر ان کی خوب مارکیٹنگ ہوا کرتی تھی۔ یہ کھڈیاں اپنے عروج سے نہال تھیں تو اب اپنے زوال کی بھی تاریخ رقم کر رہی ہیں اس سے وابسطہ لوگ خوشحال ہوا کرتے تھے، اس کو چلانے کے لیے کسی بڑی بلڈنگ کی ضرورت قطعی نہیں ہوتی تھی، نہ سینکڑوں کاری گاروں کی فوج بھرتی کرنے کی ضرورت ہوتی تھی بس زمیں میں اڑھائی فٹ کا گڑھا کھودا ، ایک چھپر ڈالا، لکڑی کی ایک میخ زمیں میں گاڑی، دھاگا اس کے ساتھ باندھا اور کام شروع کر دیا
پاکپتن میں جولاہے اپنی کھڈیوں کی وجہ سے مشہور تھے،کھیس تو اب کنارہ کر گئے،اون کی بنی چادریں ااورانکا کھردری بنتر کا لمس جداگانا ہوتا تھا، ٹھٹھرتی سردی میں کھیس کی حدت کیا کمال تھی،پاکپتن مزاروں اورعقیدتوں کا شہر ہے اس میں کہانیا ں بستی ہیں، کھڈیاں بننے والے تاریخ کی ڈور چرخی پر لپیٹ کر تاریک رقم کرتے تھے مگر ہر صبح کھڈیوں کی تعداد گھٹا رہی ہے گھروں سے چرخے ختم ہو رہے ہیں تو گلیوں میں دھاگے رنگتے جولاہے کوئی اور ہی کام کی فکر میں نکل پڑے ہیں، پاکپتن میں آج سے پندرہ بیس سال پہلے محلے گلیوں میں لگی کھڈیاں اور اس پر مرد و خواتین بیٹھی رچھ میں دھاگے ڈال کر نال میں ریلیں لگا نے میں محو ہوتی تھیں، مرد اپنے ہاتھوں سے رتھ کو کھینچ کر کپڑے کو داب دے رہا ہوتا تھا تو عورتیں کچن لے کر دھاگوں سے بل نکال رہی ہوتی تھیں مرد پیرڈی سے لنگی میں رنگ بھر رہا ہوتا تھا تو عورت طر پر بنے کپڑے کو لپیٹ رہی ہوتی تھی،مرد تھکتا تو عورت آدھلکھ کو دیکھ کر حوصلہ بڑھانے میں لگی ہوتی،فڑتا، لپنک، پھیرنی، کلا، کلارنا، رسن کھرک جولاہوں کے دلکش اوزار ہوا کرتے تھے، گٹیا ویلن پر بیٹھے جولاہیاپنے فن کی آبیاری کرتے دکھائی دیتے تھے۔ پاکپتن میں کھڈیاں شہرت کی حامل تھیں، محلہ حسن پورہ، کرم پورہ گڑھ تصور کیے جاتے تھے گرد و نواح میں یہا ں سے ایکسپورٹ کی جاتی تھیں
محلہ حسن پورہ میں کھڈیوں سے منسوب محمدرمضان جس کی عمر اور بینائی کھڈیوں پر کپڑا بنتے گئی اس سے جب پوچھا تو سوچوں کے بحر سو اس ک پاس اپنی بے بسی بیان کرنے کو الفاظ نہیں تھے، ساری حیات دوسروں کو ان کی منشاء کے مطابق دلکش و دلنشین لبادے اوڑھنے والا اب ایک وقت کی روٹی کا بھی محتاج ہے بھیک مانگ کر زیست کی بچی ساعتیں گزار رہا ہے، محلہ حسن پورہ میں ہی ایک اور کھڈی سے منسوب محمد حسین وہ بھی اب بڑھاپے کی لاٹھی ہانکتا ہے اس کا بیٹا بشیر کھڈیوں کا پیشہ چھوڑ کر اب پاپٹر بیچتا ہے کیوں کے دھگے کی قلت اور روئی کے مہنگے ہونے کی بنا پر اس سے انکا گزر بسر ہونا نا ممکن ہے اس لیے اس نے یہ کام دل پر پتھر رکھ کر چھوڑ دیا، ان کے بتانے پر محمد نذیر چک کالے خان کے پاس گئے تو وہ آج بھی اپنے خاندانی پیشے پر بضد ہے کہتا ہے مر تو جاوں گا پر یہ پیشہ نہیں چھوڑ سکتا دو دن میں بمشکل تین گز لمبی اور پونے دوگز کی ایک چادر تیا ر ہوتی ہے جس پر پانچ سے چھ سو خرچہ آجاتا ہے مگر یہ روز نا بنتی ہے اور نا بکتی ہے کئی کئی دن انتظار کے بعد جا کر آٹھ نو سو کی بکتی ہے جو کہ نا کافی ہے۔محلہ کرم پورہ میں مقیم عبدالغفور سے ملے تو اس نے بتایا وہ بچپن سے اسی کام سے منسوب ہے باپ دادا بھی اسی کام سے پیوستہ تھے میں کرایہ کے مکان میں رہتا ہوں بچے بیوی مل کے کھڈی پے کام کرتے ہیں جب ان سے پوچھا کہ اب اس شہر میں کتنے افراد اس پیشے سے جڑے ہیں تو اعداد و شمار سے دل بسمل سا ہو گیا کہ سینکڑوں لوگوں سے اب یہ فقظ پندرہ بیس لوگوں تک محدود ہو گیا ہے،اسی طرح ہوتہ روڈ پر ملک پور کے قریب روڈ پر کھڈی لگائے ایک اور عبدالقادرسارا دن کھڈی پر کام کرتا دکھائی دیتا ہے اس کی آنکھوں میں کتنے خواب ہیں مگر سب دفن کرکے بیٹھا اس فن کو زندہ کرنے کی سعی میں مگن، لوگ گزرتے ہوے اس کھڈی پر بنی دلکش و دیدہ زیب، آنکھو ں کو چندھیا دینے والی ورائٹی کو دیکھ کر ایک دم کو رکتے ہیں سیلفی بنواتے ہیں اور گزر جاتے ہیں اس صنعت سے منسوب سب کی بس ایک ہی حکومت سے گزارش تھی ان کو دھاگا مفت نا سہی سستے داموں فروخت کیا جاے، اور حکومت ہم سے خود خریدے، اس آخری سانسیں لیتی دیسی صنعت کو مرنے سے بچایا جاے۔
وقت کے ساتھ ساتھ سب اپنی اپنی راہ ہو لیتے ہیں پتھر کی مورت سے جبین کو لہو سے رنگنے کا کیا فائدہ، کبھی ایک انجانی امید کی ڈور حالات اور امید کی روح کے تانے بانے میں اریپ ڈال دیتی ہے دل چاہتا ہے اب پر سکوں دکھائی دیا جاے مگر وراثتی فن اور دستی صنعت کی اس بوسیدہ عمارت کی دیواروں کو خود گرا کر اس زندان سے نکل کر انگلیاں کاٹنے کو جی نہیں کرتا،چار سو کھڈیوں اور ریشم و اون میں جکڑی روح اس کے بنا شانت کیسے رہ سکتی ہے وہ کیسے چھوڑ دیں چرخہ کاتنا، کھڈی پر بننا، رنگنا وہ اپنے ہنر سے دستبردار ہونے کے خواہاں نہیں ہوں بھی تو کیوں کہ انہی کے فن نے تو تاریخ کو تحریک دی، ننگ بند ن کو لبادے دیے، گئے وقتوں میں دست کی پوریں کٹوا لیں مگر اصلاف کے فن کو نابیچا اور نا چھوڑا
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